Electrochemical energy storage devices, such as batteries, are ubiquitous in today’s technologies, from mobile phones to electric cars. The performance, safety, and durability of these devices depend on the properties of their constituent materials as well as the microstructures. This tutorial presents the key properties of materials, along with key characteristics of microstructures, that influence the performance of electrochemical energy storage devices, focusing on batteries. Furthermore, an introduction to the modeling approach for elucidating the role of microstructure in electrochemical device performance and durability. Highlights from recent research findings will demonstrate how emerging microstructure- and continuum-scale modeling techniques are advancing our understanding of the complex phenomena, which will ultimately enable more efficient and resilient energy storage systems.
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