Oscillatory patterns alternating with “activation” and “relaxation” phases are ubiquitous in biological systems. Quantitative analysis of these oscillatory patterns can shed some light on the underlying rules governing them. It is of particular interest in clinical medicine, since pathologic perturbations may alter the dynamics of these patterns. However, these oscillations are often nonlinear and nonstationary, thus making them difficult to quantify accurately. In this talk, we will discuss some successful biomedical applications in recent years using adaptive data analysis techniques to quantify the dynamics of these nonlinear oscillations. In particular, we will emphasize the importance of instantaneous frequency (or phase) in these clinical applications.
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