Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are major molecular imaging techniques that have received increased attention in recent years for applications in clinical diagnosis and biomedical research. The fundamental principles and recent advances in SPECT and PET instrumentation and imaging techniques for clinical applications and small animal imaging in biomedical research will be presented. An important advance is multimodality imaging that involves the combination of SPECT or PET imaging techniques that provide functional information and x-ray computed tomography (CT) that provides anatomical information. This talk will introduce the development of computer models of human anatomy and physiological functions. It will also describe the use of the computer models in the development and evaluation of SPECT and PET instrumentation and image reconstruction methods. Examples from computer-generated phantom, experimental phantom, animal and clinical studies will be shown to demonstrate the current and future capabilities of SPECT and PET.
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