Atomic gases cooled to Nanokelvin temperatures are a new exciting tool to study a broad range of quantum phenomena. In particular, the outstanding degree of control which has been achieved over these quantum systems facilitates access to strongly correlated quantum many body physics.
For example optical lattices have been created to mimic condensed matter systems. Further strongly correlated gases constitute a system to investigate quantum dynamics by their good decoupling from the environment. Their good tunability allows to rapidly change the system parameters and observe the subsequent quantum evolution. We investigated the dynamics across the superfluid to Mott-insulator quantum phase transition.
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